![]() ![]() Between 20, 10 public schools participated in the study. The study sample and procedures of this quasi-experimental study have been published elsewhere 21, 22. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prospective association between PA behaviour (overall PA and PA intensity) and health-related trajectories of aerobic fitness, waist circumference, and BMI in children meeting health-related physical activity guidelines.ĭata from the Childhood Health, Active, and Motor Performance School Study Denmark (CHAMPS Study-DK) were used. Identifying modifiable factors including PA characteristics that predict health outcomes, would benefit health-related PA prescription. ![]() This suggests that PA guideline recommendations may be insufficient to mitigate health risk factors in some children. A recent study reported that one in 10 children who met PA guideline recommendations follow unfavorable health trajectories characterised by overweight/obesity and low aerobic fitness 20. The variation in PA response presents a challenge from a public health standpoint, as health-related PA guidelines focussing on time in MVPA are unlikely to be efficient for all children 17.Ĭonsidering the strong and consistent associations between low fitness, elevated waist circumference and high BMI in childhood with increased health risk factors 18, these measures are often used as health-related outcomes in children 19. Work from our group 13, 14 and others 15, 16 has demonstrated similar heterogeneous responses in young people at risk of chronic disease. For example, the average increase in aerobic fitness following a 24-week aerobic exercise programme was approximately 25%, however individual responses ranged from 0 to 100% in adults 11, 12. In addition to the challenge posed by the relatively low number of individuals meeting health-related PA guidelines, there is large heterogeneity in response to PA in both adults and children. Yet, less than half of children between 6 and 19 years meet health-related PA guideline recommendations 8, 9, 10. Consequently, health guidelines recommend that young people engage in at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) per day 7. Even from a young age, high levels of PA are associated with improved cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced cardiometabolic risk 4, 5, 6. Improving PA behaviour is therefore a cornerstone strategy to prevent, manage, and treat many chronic diseases 3. In 2013, physical inactivity was estimated to cost the global health-care system $53.8 billion 2. Insufficient physical activity (PA) is the fourth leading cause of global mortality, representing about 6% of premature deaths 1. All PA guidelines for children should place greater emphasis on the importance of vigorous PA. Vigorous PA was the strongest predictor of the health trajectories. Overall PA and additional time in vigorous-PA was associated with improved health-related outcomes, while light PA was negatively associated with health-related outcomes among children who adhere to PA guideline recommendations. Each additional 2% in vigorous-PA time was associated with a 42% and 85% reduced risk (relative to ‘high fitness/normal weight’) of being in the ‘moderate fitness/normal weight’ and ‘low fitness/overweight-obesity’ trajectory, respectively. Children performing higher overall PA, were less likely of being classified as members of the ‘Low Fitness/Overweight-Obese’ increased risk of being in the ‘low fitness/overweight-obese’ trajectory relative to the ‘high fitness/normal weight’ trajectory. Three trajectory subgroups were identified: ‘high fitness/normal weight’ (48.4% of children), ‘moderate fitness /normal weight’ (42.5% of children), and ‘low fitness/overweight-obese’ (9.1% of children). Trajectories of BMI, waist circumference, and aerobic fitness were constructed with a group-based multi-trajectory model. All children performed 60-min or more of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day objectively measured. This prospective study (2.5 years) included 391 children (baseline age: 8.1 ± 1.4 years girls 36.3%) from ten public schools. To investigate prospective associations between PA behaviour (overall PA and PA intensity) and trajectories of health-related factors among physically active children. ![]() However, children who meet PA guideline recommendations demonstrate developmental differences in health-related outcomes. Physical activity (PA) is critical to improving health factors such as weight, adiposity, and aerobic fitness. ![]()
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